//cRSID CPU-emulation void cRSID_initCPU (cRSID_CPUinstance* CPU, unsigned short mempos) { CPU->PC = mempos; CPU->A = 0; CPU->X = 0; CPU->Y = 0; CPU->ST = 0x04; CPU->SP = 0xFF; CPU->PrevNMI = 0; } unsigned char cRSID_emulateCPU (void) { //the CPU emulation for SID/PRG playback (ToDo: CIA/VIC-IRQ/NMI/RESET vectors, BCD-mode) enum StatusFlagBitValues { N=0x80, V=0x40, B=0x10, D=0x08, I=0x04, Z=0x02, C=0x01 }; static const unsigned char FlagSwitches[]={0x01,0x21,0x04,0x24,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x28}, BranchFlags[]={0x80,0x40,0x01,0x02}; static cRSID_C64instance* const C64 = &cRSID_C64; //could be a parameter but function-call is faster this way if only 1 main CPU exists static cRSID_CPUinstance* const CPU = &C64->CPU; static char Cycles, SamePage; static unsigned char IR, ST, X, Y; static short int A, SP, T; static unsigned int PC, Addr, PrevPC; inline void loadReg (void) { PC = CPU->PC; SP = CPU->SP; ST = CPU->ST; A = CPU->A; X = CPU->X; Y = CPU->Y; } inline void storeReg (void) { CPU->PC = PC; CPU->SP = SP; CPU->ST = ST; CPU->A = A; CPU->X = X; CPU->Y = Y; } inline unsigned char rd (register unsigned short address) { static unsigned char value; value = *cRSID_getMemReadPtr(address); if (C64->RealSIDmode) { if ( C64->RAMbank[1] & 3 ) { if (address==0xDC0D) { cRSID_acknowledgeCIAIRQ( &C64->CIA[1] ); } else if (address==0xDD0D) { cRSID_acknowledgeCIAIRQ( &C64->CIA[2] ); } } } return value; } inline void wr (register unsigned short address, register unsigned char data) { *cRSID_getMemWritePtr(address)=data; if ( C64->RealSIDmode && (C64->RAMbank[1] & 3) ) { //if(data&1) { //only writing 1 to $d019 bit0 would acknowledge, not any value (but RMW instructions write $d019 back before mod.) if (address==0xD019) { cRSID_acknowledgeVICrasterIRQ( &C64->VIC ); } //} } } inline void wr2 (register unsigned short address, register unsigned char data) { //PSID-hack specific memory-write static int Tmp; *cRSID_getMemWritePtr(address)=data; if ( C64->RAMbank[1] & 3 ) { if (C64->RealSIDmode) { if (address==0xDC0D) cRSID_writeCIAIRQmask( &C64->CIA[1], data ); else if (address==0xDD0D) cRSID_writeCIAIRQmask( &C64->CIA[2], data ); else if (address==0xDD0C) C64->IObankRD[address]=data; //mirror WR to RD (e.g. Wonderland_XIII_tune_1.sid) //#ifdef CRSID_PLATFORM_PC //just for info displayer // else if (address==0xDC05 || address==0xDC04) C64->FrameCycles = ( (C64->IObankWR[0xDC04] + (C64->IObankWR[0xDC05]<<8)) ); //#endif else if(address==0xD019 && data&1) { //only writing 1 to $d019 bit0 would acknowledge cRSID_acknowledgeVICrasterIRQ( &C64->VIC ); } } else { switch (address) { case 0xDC05: case 0xDC04: if (C64->TimerSource ) { //dynamic CIA-setting (Galway/Rubicon workaround) C64->FrameCycles = ( (C64->IObankWR[0xDC04] + (C64->IObankWR[0xDC05]<<8)) ); //<< 4) / C64->SampleClockRatio; } break; case 0xDC08: C64->IObankRD[0xDC08] = data; break; //refresh TOD-clock case 0xDC09: C64->IObankRD[0xDC09] = data; break; //refresh TOD-clock case 0xD012: //dynamic VIC IRQ-rasterline setting (Microprose Soccer V1 workaround) if (C64->PrevRasterLine>=0) { //was $d012 set before? (or set only once?) if (C64->IObankWR[0xD012] != C64->PrevRasterLine) { Tmp = C64->IObankWR[0xD012] - C64->PrevRasterLine; if (Tmp<0) Tmp += C64->VIC.RasterLines; C64->FrameCycleCnt = C64->FrameCycles - Tmp * C64->VIC.RasterRowCycles; } } C64->PrevRasterLine = C64->IObankWR[0xD012]; break; } } } } inline void addrModeImmediate (void) { ++PC; Addr=PC; Cycles=2; } //imm. inline void addrModeZeropage (void) { ++PC; Addr=rd(PC); Cycles=3; } //zp inline void addrModeAbsolute (void) { ++PC; Addr = rd(PC); ++PC; Addr += rd(PC)<<8; Cycles=4; } //abs inline void addrModeZeropageXindexed (void) { ++PC; Addr = (rd(PC) + X) & 0xFF; Cycles=4; } //zp,x (with zeropage-wraparound of 6502) inline void addrModeZeropageYindexed (void) { ++PC; Addr = (rd(PC) + Y) & 0xFF; Cycles=4; } //zp,y (with zeropage-wraparound of 6502) inline void addrModeXindexed (void) { // abs,x (only STA is 5 cycles, others are 4 if page not crossed, RMW:7) ++PC; Addr = rd(PC) + X; ++PC; SamePage = (Addr <= 0xFF); Addr += rd(PC)<<8; Cycles=5; } inline void addrModeYindexed (void) { // abs,y (only STA is 5 cycles, others are 4 if page not crossed, RMW:7) ++PC; Addr = rd(PC) + Y; ++PC; SamePage = (Addr <= 0xFF); Addr += rd(PC)<<8; Cycles=5; } inline void addrModeIndirectYindexed (void) { // (zp),y (only STA is 6 cycles, others are 5 if page not crossed, RMW:8) ++PC; Addr = rd(rd(PC)) + Y; SamePage = (Addr <= 0xFF); Addr += rd( (rd(PC)+1)&0xFF ) << 8; Cycles=6; } inline void addrModeXindexedIndirect (void) { // (zp,x) ++PC; Addr = ( rd(rd(PC)+X)&0xFF ) + ( ( rd(rd(PC)+X+1)&0xFF ) << 8 ); Cycles=6; } inline void clrC (void) { ST &= ~C; } //clear Carry-flag inline void setC (unsigned char expr) { ST &= ~C; ST |= (expr!=0); } //set Carry-flag if expression is not zero inline void clrNZC (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z|C); } //clear flags inline void clrNVZC (void) { ST &= ~(N|V|Z|C); } //clear flags inline void setNZbyA (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z); ST |= ((!A)<<1) | (A&N); } //set Negative-flag and Zero-flag based on result in Accumulator inline void setNZbyT (void) { T&=0xFF; ST &= ~(N|Z); ST |= ((!T)<<1) | (T&N); } inline void setNZbyX (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z); ST |= ((!X)<<1) | (X&N); } //set Negative-flag and Zero-flag based on result in X-register inline void setNZbyY (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z); ST |= ((!Y)<<1) | (Y&N); } //set Negative-flag and Zero-flag based on result in Y-register inline void setNZbyM (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z); ST |= ((!rd(Addr))<<1) | (rd(Addr)&N); } //set Negative-flag and Zero-flag based on result at Memory-Address inline void setNZCbyAdd (void) { ST &= ~(N|Z|C); ST |= (A&N)|(A>255); A&=0xFF; ST|=(!A)<<1; } //after increase/addition inline void setVbyAdd (unsigned char M) { ST &= ~V; ST |= ( (~(T^M)) & (T^A) & N ) >> 1; } //calculate V-flag from A and T (previous A) and input2 (Memory) inline void setNZCbySub (signed short* obj) { ST &= ~(N|Z|C); ST |= (*obj&N) | (*obj>=0); *obj&=0xFF; ST |= ((!(*obj))<<1); } inline void push (unsigned char value) { C64->RAMbank[0x100+SP] = value; --SP; SP&=0xFF; } //push a value to stack inline unsigned char pop (void) { ++SP; SP&=0xFF; return C64->RAMbank[0x100+SP]; } //pop a value from stack loadReg(); PrevPC=PC; IR = rd(PC); Cycles=2; SamePage=0; //'Cycles': ensure smallest 6510 runtime (for implied/register instructions) if(IR&1) { //nybble2: 1/5/9/D:accu.instructions, 3/7/B/F:illegal opcodes switch ( (IR & 0x1F) >> 1 ) { //value-forming to cause jump-table //PC wraparound not handled inside to save codespace case 0: case 1: addrModeXindexedIndirect(); break; //(zp,x) case 2: case 3: addrModeZeropage(); break; case 4: case 5: addrModeImmediate(); break; case 6: case 7: addrModeAbsolute(); break; case 8: case 9: addrModeIndirectYindexed(); break; //(zp),y (5..6 cycles, 8 for R-M-W) case 0xA: addrModeZeropageXindexed(); break; //zp,x case 0xB: if ((IR&0xC0)!=0x80) addrModeZeropageXindexed(); //zp,x for illegal opcodes else addrModeZeropageYindexed(); //zp,y for LAX/SAX illegal opcodes break; case 0xC: case 0xD: addrModeYindexed(); break; case 0xE: addrModeXindexed(); break; case 0xF: if ((IR&0xC0)!=0x80) addrModeXindexed(); //abs,x for illegal opcodes else addrModeYindexed(); //abs,y for LAX/SAX illegal opcodes break; } Addr&=0xFFFF; switch ( (IR & 0xE0) >> 5 ) { //value-forming to cause gapless case-values and faster jump-table creation from switch-case case 0: if ( (IR&0x1F) != 0xB ) { //ORA / SLO(ASO)=ASL+ORA if ( (IR&3) == 3 ) { clrNZC(); setC(rd(Addr)>=N); wr( Addr, rd(Addr)<<1 ); Cycles+=2; } //for SLO else Cycles -= SamePage; A |= rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); //ORA } else { A&=rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); setC(A>=N); } //ANC (AND+Carry=bit7) break; case 1: if ( (IR&0x1F) != 0xB ) { //AND / RLA (ROL+AND) if ( (IR&3) == 3 ) { //for RLA T = (rd(Addr)<<1) + (ST&C); clrNZC(); setC(T>255); T&=0xFF; wr(Addr,T); Cycles+=2; } else Cycles -= SamePage; A &= rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); //AND } else { A&=rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); setC(A>=N); } //ANC (AND+Carry=bit7) break; case 2: if ( (IR&0x1F) != 0xB ) { //EOR / SRE(LSE)=LSR+EOR if ( (IR&3) == 3 ) { clrNZC(); setC(rd(Addr)&1); wr(Addr,rd(Addr)>>1); Cycles+=2; } //for SRE else Cycles -= SamePage; A ^= rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); //EOR } else { A&=rd(Addr); setC(A&1); A>>=1; A&=0xFF; setNZbyA(); } //ALR(ASR)=(AND+LSR) break; case 3: if ( (IR&0x1F) != 0xB ) { //RRA (ROR+ADC) / ADC if( (IR&3) == 3 ) { //for RRA T = (rd(Addr)>>1) + ((ST&C)<<7); clrNZC(); setC(T&1); wr(Addr,T); Cycles+=2; } else Cycles -= SamePage; T=A; A += rd(Addr)+(ST&C); setNZCbyAdd(); setVbyAdd(rd(Addr)); //ADC } else { // ARR (AND+ROR, bit0 not going to C, but C and bit7 get exchanged.) A &= rd(Addr); T += rd(Addr) + (ST&C); clrNVZC(); setC(T>255); setVbyAdd(rd(Addr)); //V-flag set by intermediate ADC mechanism: (A&mem)+mem T=A; A = (A>>1) + ((ST&C)<<7); setC(T>=N); setNZbyA(); } break; case 4: if ( (IR&0x1F) == 0xB ) { A = X & rd(Addr); setNZbyA(); } //XAA (TXA+AND), highly unstable on real 6502! else if ( (IR&0x1F) == 0x1B ) { SP = A&X; wr( Addr, SP&((Addr>>8)+1) ); } //TAS(SHS) (SP=A&X, mem=S&H} - unstable on real 6502 else { wr2( Addr, A & (((IR&3)==3)? X:0xFF) ); } //STA / SAX (at times same as AHX/SHX/SHY) (illegal) break; case 5: if ( (IR&0x1F) != 0x1B ) { A=rd(Addr); if((IR&3)==3) X=A; } //LDA / LAX (illegal, used by my 1 rasterline player) (LAX #imm is unstable on C64) else { A=X=SP = rd(Addr) & SP; } //LAS(LAR) setNZbyA(); Cycles -= SamePage; break; case 6: if( (IR&0x1F) != 0xB ) { // CMP / DCP(DEC+CMP) if ( (IR&3) == 3 ) { wr(Addr,rd(Addr)-1); Cycles+=2;} //DCP else Cycles -= SamePage; T = A-rd(Addr); } else { X = T = (A&X) - rd(Addr); } //SBX(AXS) //SBX (AXS) (CMP+DEX at the same time) setNZCbySub(&T); break; case 7: if( (IR&3)==3 && (IR&0x1F)!=0xB ) { wr( Addr, rd(Addr)+1 ); Cycles+=2; } //ISC(ISB)=INC+SBC / SBC else Cycles -= SamePage; T=A; A -= rd(Addr) + !(ST&C); setNZCbySub(&A); setVbyAdd(~rd(Addr)); break; } } else if (IR&2) { //nybble2: 2:illegal/LDX, 6:A/X/INC/DEC, A:Accu-shift/reg.transfer/NOP, E:shift/X/INC/DEC switch (IR & 0x1F) { //Addressing modes case 2: addrModeImmediate(); break; case 6: addrModeZeropage(); break; case 0xE: addrModeAbsolute(); break; case 0x16: if ( (IR&0xC0) != 0x80 ) addrModeZeropageXindexed(); //zp,x else addrModeZeropageYindexed(); //zp,y break; case 0x1E: if ( (IR&0xC0) != 0x80 ) addrModeXindexed(); //abs,x else addrModeYindexed(); //abs,y break; } Addr&=0xFFFF; switch ( (IR & 0xE0) >> 5 ) { case 0: clrC(); case 1: if((IR&0xF)==0xA) { A = (A<<1) + (ST&C); setNZCbyAdd(); } //ASL/ROL (Accu) else { T = (rd(Addr)<<1) + (ST&C); setC(T>255); setNZbyT(); wr(Addr,T); Cycles+=2; } //RMW (Read-Write-Modify) break; case 2: clrC(); case 3: if((IR&0xF)==0xA) { T=A; A=(A>>1)+((ST&C)<<7); setC(T&1); A&=0xFF; setNZbyA(); } //LSR/ROR (Accu) else { T = (rd(Addr)>>1) + ((ST&C)<<7); setC(rd(Addr)&1); setNZbyT(); wr(Addr,T); Cycles+=2; } //memory (RMW) break; case 4: if (IR&4) {wr2(Addr,X);} //STX else if(IR&0x10) SP=X; //TXS else { A=X; setNZbyA(); } //TXA break; case 5: if ( (IR&0xF) != 0xA ) { X=rd(Addr); Cycles -= SamePage; } //LDX else if (IR & 0x10) X=SP; //TSX else X=A; //TAX setNZbyX(); break; case 6: if (IR&4) { wr(Addr,rd(Addr)-1); setNZbyM(); Cycles+=2; } //DEC else { --X; setNZbyX(); } //DEX break; case 7: if (IR&4) { wr(Addr,rd(Addr)+1); setNZbyM(); Cycles+=2; } //INC/NOP break; } } else if ( (IR & 0xC) == 8 ) { //nybble2: 8:register/statusflag if ( IR&0x10 ) { if ( IR == 0x98 ) { A=Y; setNZbyA(); } //TYA else { //CLC/SEC/CLI/SEI/CLV/CLD/SED if (FlagSwitches[IR>>5] & 0x20) ST |= (FlagSwitches[IR>>5] & 0xDF); else ST &= ~( FlagSwitches[IR>>5] & 0xDF ); } } else { switch ( (IR & 0xF0) >> 5 ) { case 0: push(ST); Cycles=3; break; //PHP case 1: ST=pop(); Cycles=4; break; //PLP case 2: push(A); Cycles=3; break; //PHA case 3: A=pop(); setNZbyA(); Cycles=4; break; //PLA case 4: --Y; setNZbyY(); break; //DEY case 5: Y=A; setNZbyY(); break; //TAY case 6: ++Y; setNZbyY(); break; //INY case 7: ++X; setNZbyX(); break; //INX } } } else { //nybble2: 0: control/branch/Y/compare 4: Y/compare C:Y/compare/JMP if ( (IR&0x1F) == 0x10 ) { //BPL/BMI/BVC/BVS/BCC/BCS/BNE/BEQ relative branch ++PC; T=rd(PC); if (T & 0x80) T-=0x100; if (IR & 0x20) { if (ST & BranchFlags[IR>>6]) { PC+=T; Cycles=3; } } else { if ( !(ST & BranchFlags[IR>>6]) ) { PC+=T; Cycles=3; } //plus 1 cycle if page is crossed? } } else { //nybble2: 0:Y/control/Y/compare 4:Y/compare C:Y/compare/JMP switch (IR&0x1F) { //Addressing modes case 0: addrModeImmediate(); break; //imm. (or abs.low for JSR/BRK) case 4: addrModeZeropage(); break; case 0xC: addrModeAbsolute(); break; case 0x14: addrModeZeropageXindexed(); break; //zp,x case 0x1C: addrModeXindexed(); break; //abs,x } Addr&=0xFFFF; switch ( (IR & 0xE0) >> 5 ) { case 0: if( !(IR&4) ) { //BRK / NOP-absolute/abs,x/zp/zp,x push((PC+2-1)>>8); push((PC+2-1)&0xFF); push(ST|B); ST |= I; //BRK PC = rd(0xFFFE) + (rd(0xFFFF)<<8) - 1; Cycles=7; } else if (IR == 0x1C) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x break; case 1: if (IR & 0xF) { //BIT / NOP-abs,x/zp,x if ( !(IR&0x10) ) { ST &= 0x3D; ST |= (rd(Addr)&0xC0) | ( (!(A&rd(Addr))) << 1 ); } //BIT else if (IR == 0x3C) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x } else { //JSR push((PC+2-1)>>8); push((PC+2-1)&0xFF); PC=rd(Addr)+rd(Addr+1)*256-1; Cycles=6; } break; case 2: if (IR & 0xF) { //JMP / NOP-abs,x/zp/zp,x if (IR == 0x4C) { //JMP PC = Addr-1; Cycles=3; rd(Addr+1); //a read from jump-address highbyte is used in some tunes with jmp DD0C (e.g. Wonderland_XIII_tune_1.sid) //if (Addr==PrevPC) {storeReg(); C64->Returned=1; return 0xFF;} //turn self-jump mainloop (after init) into idle time } else if (IR==0x5C) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x } else { //RTI ST=pop(); T=pop(); PC = (pop()<<8) + T - 1; Cycles=6; if (C64->Returned && SP>=0xFF) { ++PC; storeReg(); return 0xFE; } } break; case 3: if (IR & 0xF) { //JMP() (indirect) / NOP-abs,x/zp/zp,x if (IR == 0x6C) { //JMP() (indirect) PC = rd( (Addr&0xFF00) + ((Addr+1)&0xFF) ); //(with highbyte-wraparound bug) PC = (PC<<8) + rd(Addr) - 1; Cycles=5; } else if (IR == 0x7C) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x } else { //RTS if (SP>=0xFF) {storeReg(); C64->Returned=1; return 0xFF;} //Init returns, provide idle-time between IRQs T=pop(); PC = (pop()<<8) + T; Cycles=6; } break; case 4: if (IR & 4) { wr2( Addr, Y ); } //STY / NOP #imm break; case 5: Y=rd(Addr); setNZbyY(); Cycles -= SamePage; //LDY break; case 6: if ( !(IR&0x10) ) { //CPY / NOP abs,x/zp,x T=Y-rd(Addr); setNZCbySub(&T); //CPY } else if (IR==0xDC) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x break; case 7: if ( !(IR&0x10) ) { //CPX / NOP abs,x/zp,x T=X-rd(Addr); setNZCbySub(&T); //CPX } else if (IR==0xFC) Cycles -= SamePage; //NOP abs,x break; } } } ++PC; //PC&=0xFFFF; storeReg(); if (!C64->RealSIDmode) { //substitute KERNAL IRQ-return in PSID (e.g. Microprose Soccer) if ( (C64->RAMbank[1]&3)>1 && PrevPC<0xE000 && (PC==0xEA31 || PC==0xEA81 || PC==0xEA7E) ) return 0xFE; } return Cycles; } //handle entering into IRQ and NMI interrupt static inline char cRSID_handleCPUinterrupts (cRSID_CPUinstance* CPU) { enum StatusFlagBitValues { B=0x10, I=0x04 }; inline void push (unsigned char value) { CPU->C64->RAMbank[0x100+CPU->SP] = value; --CPU->SP; CPU->SP&=0xFF; } //push a value to stack if (CPU->C64->NMI > CPU->PrevNMI) { //if IRQ and NMI at the same time, NMI is serviced first push(CPU->PC>>8); push(CPU->PC&0xFF); push(CPU->ST); CPU->ST |= I; CPU->PC = *cRSID_getMemReadPtr(0xFFFA) + (*cRSID_getMemReadPtr(0xFFFB)<<8); //NMI-vector CPU->PrevNMI = CPU->C64->NMI; return 1; } else if ( CPU->C64->IRQ && !(CPU->ST&I) ) { push(CPU->PC>>8); push(CPU->PC&0xFF); push(CPU->ST); CPU->ST |= I; CPU->PC = *cRSID_getMemReadPtr(0xFFFE) + (*cRSID_getMemReadPtr(0xFFFF)<<8); //maskable IRQ-vector CPU->PrevNMI = CPU->C64->NMI; return 1; } CPU->PrevNMI = CPU->C64->NMI; //prepare for NMI edge-detection return 0; }